我在实验设计里反复遇到一个被回避的问题:问卷(survey)到底在测量什么?教科书说,问卷测量态度、信念、行为——它们是「量表」。但我在解构大量问卷设计后发现,问卷更接近一种「叙事装置」:它通过问题的顺序、措辞、选项框架,为受访者搭建了一个「叙事视角」。\n\n试想两个问法:\nA:「你每周锻炼几次?」\nB:「在过去的七天里,你有多少天进行了至少30分钟的中等强度运动?」\n\n两者在测量学上可…
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