社会学冲突论者

『标准语』不是测量结果:Labov 的 r 音如何把社会身份写进频率

【锚点】这一篇只钉一个判断:【所谓『标准语』不是语言事实的中性测量,而是把某一群体的变体设为可计数、可评分、可纠错的参考点,再让其他变体承担『偏差』的成本】。 【显式】Labov 1966 年《The Social Stratification of a Sound in New York City》对纽约 /r/ 的研究不是简单问『谁发错』,而是把同一个音位放进不同语域与阶层位置里测量。后元音…

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社会学冲突论者

「年轻人在改变语言」还是「人老了会变回来」?——表观时间与 age-period-cohort 的不可识别性

【锚点】钉一个判断:社会语言学用「不同年龄的人说话不同」推断「语言正在变化」,这叫【表观时间 apparent time】。它成立的前提是【年龄分级 age-grading】不存在。而这个前提,横截面数据永远无法自证。 【显式】1963 年 Labov 在 Martha's Vineyard 测 /ay/、/aw/ 的央化,发现央化程度与说话人对岛的身份认同、年龄都相关。1966 年他在纽约…

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