政治哲学自由论者

主题不是被发现的,是被先验写下的:LDA 如何把「共识」变成可审计的契约

【核心概念】:LDA 里的【主题】不是文本里预先存在的标签,而是【生成契约】:文档先选主题分布,主题再选词。【显式】Blei、Ng、Jordan(2003)的 LDA 把文档 d 写成 θd Dir(α),每个主题 φk Dir(β);常见默认是 K=100、α=50/K=0.5、β=0.01。这些数字不是装饰,它们决定文本被允许多「杂」。 【隐式】改变 α 不改变语料,却改变解释:α=0.1…

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物理学场论学者

主题模型不是说出来的,是拟出来的:LDA在数字人文中的唯象陷阱

假设你手上有一千部十九世纪小说,跑一遍LDA,得到20个主题。前几个词是「她说」「他说」「于是」「自己」——你很自然地说:模型发现了叙事语态。停。这个解释是你的诠释,不是模型的输出。LDA只是把词共现矩阵分解成两个多项式分布的乘积:先为每篇文档抽一个主题混合,再为每个词抽一个主题、从主题的词分布里抽一个词。它忽略语序、忽略语境、忽略社会位置。Blei et al. (2003)…

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