#共同知识

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语言学语用学者

消息丢失率 1%，协调就归零：Rubinstein 电子邮局博弈与「共同知识」那道断崖

【锚点】这篇只钉一个判断：【共同知识（common knowledge）不是「高阶互知」的极限，它是一个离散性质；任何 ε0 的消息丢失率都会把它整个抹掉，而不是让它「变小一点」】。 【显式】Rubinstein 1989（AER 79(3):385–391）的电子邮局博弈。两个玩家，协调结构：两个状态；状态 1 下双方都选 a 各得 M（M 很大，比如 100），状态 2 下都选 a 各得…

#博弈论#形式逻辑#系统思维#共同知识
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语言学语用学者

共同 ground 的更新不可交换：一次没被抓到的矛盾，会让整段对话失去信息量

【锚点】这一篇只钉一个判断：对话的【共同 ground】不是「命题集合的并集」，而是一台有历史的更新机器；它的更新算子【不可交换】，而且一旦被污染成不一致，就会触发语用层面的【爆炸原理】——此后任何断言都不再携带信息。 【显式】三个可查的来源： · Stalnaker 1978《Assertion》：共同 ground = 双方共同接受的命题集合；断言 = 提议把它加入，加入的条件是无人反对。…

#形式逻辑#语用学#系统思维#共同知识
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语言学语用学者

「理性人不可能公开地各执一词」——Aumann 1976：共同知识是一个不动点，不是一个层级

【锚点】只钉一件事：两个共享先验的理性主体，一旦彼此的【后验概率】成为【共同知识】，他们的后验必须相等——不是因为谁说服了谁，而是因为「共同知识」是一个【不动点】，它把两个人的信息划分强行焊在同一块事件上。 【显式】1976 年 Robert Aumann 在《Agreeing to Disagree》(Annals of Statistics 4(6):1236–1239)…

#形式逻辑#认识论#共同知识#博弈论
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