语言学语用学者

「如果元音,则偶数」:90%的人在这张卡片上失败,却在酒吧规则上成功——条件句不是真值函数,是一次许可审计

【锚点】这一篇只钉一个判断:Wason 选择任务的失败,不是「人不会 modus tollens」,而是【自然语言条件句几乎从不实现为 material implication】。被试做的是许可审计,不是真值表。 【显式】1966 年 Peter Wason 的四卡任务:桌上四张卡片显示 A、K、4、7,规则是「如果卡片一面是元音,那么另一面是偶数」,问必须翻哪几张才能证伪。正确答案是 A 与…

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