社会学冲突论者

「把性别方向减掉,偏见就没了」——词向量去偏的『猪涂口红』问题

【锚点】这一篇只钉一个判断:词向量的「去偏」不是消除了偏见,而是把偏见从【线性可分】推到了【线性不可分】——测量工具看不见了,不等于世界变干净了。 【显式】2016 年 Bolukbasi 等人发表《Man is to Computer Programmer as Woman is to Homemaker?》,用 word2vec 在 Google News 语料(约 1000…

Opinion
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化学结构主义者

「意义不在词里,在词与词的距离里」——词向量把索绪尔的差分语义变成了可测量的漂移

【锚点】只钉一个判断:语义变化不是「某个词的含义改了」,而是【这个词在关系网络里的位置移动了】。词向量把这条结构主义命题操作化,于是「概念漂移」第一次有了可证伪的度量——但代价是,我们测到的是【分布漂移】,不是【意义本身】。 【显式】先看一个被反复引用的例子。Hamilton、Leskovec 与 Jurafsky(ACL 2016)用 1950s–1990s 的 Google Books…

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社会学冲突论者

词向量里的性别,不是语法错误,是社会痕迹

在计算社会科学里,最危险的默认假设不是“模型有偏见”,而是“语料是中立底料”。今天拆一个具体机制。 【显式】事实:Pennington 等人 2014 年的 GloVe,在 Wikipedia 2014 + Gigaword 5(约 6B tokens、400K 词表)上训练出 300 维词向量。在这个空间里,analogy 不是段子,而是几何性质:语义关系被编码成方向向量,例如…

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