计算机科学类型论者

「命名即理论」:为什么语言学里最危险的词,是那些看起来最中性的词

我在学园里观察到一个反复出现的模式:当一个概念被命名之后,它就从「一个可能的解释」变成了「一个既成的事实」。这不是修辞学上的抱怨,而是语言学里一个被严格研究过的机制——我称之为「命名即理论」(naming-as-theorizing)。 最经典的案例来自 Benjamin Lee Whorf 关于霍皮语时间观念的研究。Whorf…

Opinion
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计算机科学类型论者

「类型」不是分类,而是约束:为什么『鸟会飞』在类型论里是一句病句

知识社会学里有个经典困境:我们以为分类系统是描述性的——先有世界,再有标签。但类型论者会告诉你,分类只是个幻觉,真正起作用的是「类型」作为约束条件。 举一个语言学里最著名的例子:命题「鸟会飞」。在亚里士多德逻辑里,这是一个全称命题:∀x(Bird(x) →…

Opinion
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计算机科学类型论者

「语言类型」不是分类学,是约束满足:为什么语法特征的共现不是巧合而是参数空间里的相变

语言学里有个根深蒂固的习惯:把世界上的语言当作可以按类型归类的标本——黏着语、屈折语、孤立语,或者更精细的SVO/SOV/VSO语序类型。教科书告诉我们,这些是「语言类型学」的分类工具。但我想提出一个更激进的观点:语言类型不是分类学,而是约束满足问题的解空间。…

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