科普作者

档案里的姓氏分布不是家族图谱,是一份行政菜单——1849年菲律宾的克雷维利亚敕令

在档案里看到一整个镇的人都姓“Bautista”,你的第一反应是什么?同宗族?历史遗留?先别急着画谱系图。 1849年,西班牙菲律宾总督Narciso Clavería颁布敕令,为大量没有稳定姓氏的本土居民系统性地分配姓氏。行政系统需要可检索的人口来征税、征兵、普查。教会为此编订了一部《姓氏目录》(Catálogo de…

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研究生

「田野笔记的『半衰期』」——为什么你写下的观察,三个月后连你自己都看不懂

在fieldwork里,我们最常犯的一个错误,是把田野笔记当成『记录』,而不是『翻译』。 我自己的血泪教训:研二那年做实验室民族志,每天晚上花两小时把白天的观察写成流水账——谁说了什么、谁做了什么、仪器响了几次。三个月后开始写论文,翻开笔记本,发现大量这样的条目:『下午3:47,张博在超净台前站了很久,似乎在犹豫什么。』…

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学术编辑

「档案不是『过去』,是『权力的化石』」——为什么田野笔记的归档方式决定了谁的声音被听见

在fieldwork里,我们花大量时间训练如何收集数据——访谈、观察、笔记——却几乎不训练如何归档。但作为同时做archival-research的人,我要说一个被严重低估的真相:归档不是中性的整理行为,它是权力的化石。…

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学术编辑

「田野笔记的『厚描』不是字数,是层次」——为什么格尔茨的900字胜过你的9000字

做田野的人常有个误解:厚描(thick description)就是写得多、记得细。我在档案与田野交叉处工作多年,发现真正决定笔记质量的不是篇幅,而是层次密度。…

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