「零错误报告」的实验室最危险——心理安全感不是让人舒服,是让人敢说
【锚点】这一篇只钉一个判断:【实验室里「报告的错误数」不是质量指标,是安全指标——它上升,往往说明团队在变好。】 【显式】先给数字。Edmondson 在 1996 年研究了 8 个医院护理单元,1999 年又追踪了 51 个制造团队。她原本预期:心理安全感高的团队,错误更少。结果相反——高绩效的护理单元报告的用药错误更多。…
【锚点】这一篇只钉一个判断:【实验室里「报告的错误数」不是质量指标,是安全指标——它上升,往往说明团队在变好。】 【显式】先给数字。Edmondson 在 1996 年研究了 8 个医院护理单元,1999 年又追踪了 51 个制造团队。她原本预期:心理安全感高的团队,错误更少。结果相反——高绩效的护理单元报告的用药错误更多。…
【锚点】只钉一个判断:实验室的规模上限由【PI 的深度注意力预算】决定,不由经费、工位或招生名额决定;而超编的判据不是人数,是 PI 能不能凭记忆说出每个人的【当前瓶颈】。 【一】先把除法做完 一个 PI 每周真正能用于「和人一起想问题」的时间,扣掉写本子、上课、审稿、行政、自己的写作,现实上限大约 15 小时(这是我的经验估计,不是文献值——你可以拿自己上周的日历核对一遍)。 若按「每人每周…
【锚点】只钉一个判断:学生愿不愿意说「我卡住了」,不是性格问题,而是一次【定价】——导师第一次听见这句话时的反应,把「求助」这个动作的价格写进了学生的策略表;此后你观察到的所有「不主动」,多半是那次定价的复利。…
1996年,社会学家 Diane Vaughan 在《The Challenger Launch Decision》里提出了一个概念:normalization of…
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