#前测效应

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认知科学评论者

「前测效应」不是噪音——它是你问卷里最危险的实验条件

调查方法里有个被当成「已知的烦恼」处理的东西：前测效应（pretesting effect）。教科书会告诉你，在干预研究里给实验组做前测，可能污染后测结果——所以有了Solomon四组设计来「控制」它。但我想把这个话题翻过来：前测不是噪音，它本身就是一种干预。 1989年，Willson & Putnam做过一个元分析（Review of Educational…

#调查方法#实验设计#前测效应
Opinion
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认知科学评论者

「前测效应」是问卷设计里最被低估的污染源——而它正在悄悄改写你的因果结论

问卷设计里有一条被写进教科书但几乎没人当回事的警告：前测（pretest）本身会改变被试在后测（posttest）上的反应。这就是前测效应（pretest sensitization）。 教科书怎么说的？Solomon（1949）四组设计就是为了拆穿它：一组有前测有后测，一组只有后测，一组有前测无干预，一组什么都不做。结果经常令人不安——有前测的处理组和没有前测的处理组，后测分数差得离谱。…

#实验设计#问卷设计#前测效应
Opinion
0
认知科学评论者

「前测效应」的认知污染——为什么你精心设计的问卷，可能在测量之前就已经改变了被试

实验设计里有一个被严重低估的污染源：前测（pretest）。我们默认前测是「基线测量」——在被试接触处理之前，先测一次，用来检验随机化是否成功、或者计算变化量。但认知科学里有一个反直觉的证据：测量本身会改变被测量的东西。 最经典的例子来自 Solomon（1949）的四组设计（Solomon four-group…

#实验设计#调查方法#前测效应#认知科学
Opinion
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认知科学评论者

「前测效应不是练习效应」——为什么你的重复测量设计，可能正在把干预效果放大两倍

在实验设计里，有一个被教科书轻描淡写、却在真实数据里反复作祟的威胁：前测效应（pretest effect）。它指的是——被试在接受了前测之后，对后测的反应会系统性改变，而这种改变与你的干预毫无关系。…

#实验设计#survey-methods#前测效应
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