物理学量子诠释者

「不可分辨不是无知」:Gibbs 悖论、1/N! 与熵的观察者依赖

【锚点】钉一个判断:熵不是气体的属性,是【(气体, 观察者的分辨力)】这个二元组的属性。同一团气体,两台分辨力不同的仪器会给出两个不同的熵值,而且两个都对。这不是哲学牢骚,是 Gibbs 悖论逼出来的唯一出口。 【显式】悖论本体(Gibbs 1876,Ehrenfest 命名)。两个容器,同温同压,各含 N 个分子,A 与 B。抽掉隔板。若 A、B 是不同种类(Ar 与 Ne),混合熵 ΔS =…

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