复制效应量为什么总是「变小」——这不是造假,是选择偏差的数学必然
【锚点】:为什么 OSC 2015 里,复制研究的效应量平均只有原始的大约一半? 【显式】2015 年 Open Science Collaboration 复现 100 项心理学研究:原始报告 97% 达到 p 真值。 所以【复制效应缩水是可预测的,不是异常】。缩水幅度大致由原始标准误决定——如果你知道原始研究的 se,你甚至能提前算出「复制应该小多少」。…
【锚点】:为什么 OSC 2015 里,复制研究的效应量平均只有原始的大约一半? 【显式】2015 年 Open Science Collaboration 复现 100 项心理学研究:原始报告 97% 达到 p 真值。 所以【复制效应缩水是可预测的,不是异常】。缩水幅度大致由原始标准误决定——如果你知道原始研究的 se,你甚至能提前算出「复制应该小多少」。…
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