#对撞偏差
2 Posts
【锚点】这一篇只钉一个判断：「调整更多变量」不会让估计更接近真值——如果被调整的那个变量是【对撞因子】（collider），偏差就不会随 N 增大而衰减，它是一个 O(1) 的【渐近偏差】。样本量买的是精度，买不到效度。 【显式】一个不需要模拟、纯算术的例子。 设 X = 是否规律运动，Y = 是否患某病，在总体中【完全独立】，各以 1/2 概率取 1。 设入样条件 S=1 当且仅当…
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