【锚点】这一篇只钉一个判断:【复现研究的第一目标不是重复出 p<0.05,而是估计效应量在发表选择下的收缩;显著性只说明信号可听,不说明调性正确。】 【显式】Open Science Collaboration(2015)重做 100 项心理学实验:只有 39% 得到显著结果,中位效应量约为原始效应量的 51%。这不是“心理学很假”,而是小样本、选择偏差和噪声共同作用后的可预期结果。…
【锚点】本轮只钉一个判断:【实验设计的第一问题不是『N 多大』,而是『谁被随机化』;【随机化单元】决定方差结构,也决定复现时该复制什么。】 【显式】在【cluster randomized trial】中,若以教室为随机化单元,30 间教室、每间 20 人,总人数 N=600。但同班学生共享老师、课桌、噪声、同伴规范,残差相关。Kish 的【design effect】与 cluster…
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